In this video we will demonstrate Oracle 11g installation on Linux.

When installing Oracle on Linux, there are several prerequisites steps that needs to be completed before the installation process ifself.

The installation GUI is identical to other operating systems, but the steps we need to complete before starting the installation are different.

This video will show you how to install Oracle 11gR1, step by step.

This video shows Oracle 11gR1 installation on Linux Cent OS 5 (which is similar to RedHat 5), but can be used to understand the general Oracle installation on Linux.

You can download the Oracle Database software from OTN:

• Oracle Database 11g Release 1- OTN

We will start by checking the requirements for Oracle installation.

1)      Checking the memory, SWAP, Kernel version and free space requirements.

Memory – Oracle 11g requires at least 1GB RAM.

You’ll be able to check the server’s memory by executing the command:

[root ~]grep MemTotal /proc/meminfo 

Swap requirements are specified in the documentation and based on the RAM.

Check the server’s SWAP by executing the command:

[root ~]grep SwapTotal /proc/meminfo 

At least 400Mb are needed in /tmp directory. In addition, Oracle 11g software requires about 3.5GB.

Check the /tmp available space by executing the command:

[root ~]df -k /tmp

Check the server’s available space by executing the command:

[root ~]df -k

The available column will display the free space in kilobytes.

The OS kernel version should be 2.6.18 or higher.

Check the kernel version by executing the command:

[root ~] cat /proc/version
OR
[root ~] uname –r

2)      Required Packages

Oracle 11g software needs several rpm packages to be installed on the server.

You can find the full list of packages in the installation guide:

http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32002/pre_install.htm#CHDHFGBJ

The command “rpm -qa” prints the list of all installed packages. With “grep” command we will look for specific packages.

Example: to verify that the gcc package is install, use:

[root ~]rpm –qa | grep gcc

3)      Creating users and groups.

We will create two new groups: ‘dba’ and ‘oinstall’ and the ‘oracle’ user.

[root ~] groupadd oinstall
[root ~] groupadd dba
[root ~] useradd -g oinstall -G dba oracle
[root ~] passwd oracle

4)      Setting Kernel parameters.

Open the /etc/sysctl.conf file  and configure the following kernel parameters:

fs.file-max = 6815744
kernel.shmall = 2097152
kernel.shmmax = 2147483648
kernel.shmmni = 4096
kernel.sem = 250 32000 100 128
net.ipv4.ip_local_port_range = 9000 65500
net.core.rmem_default = 262144
net.core.rmem_max = 4194304
net.core.wmem_default = 262144
net.core.wmem_max = 1048576

Additional information about the kernel parameter can be found in the Documentation:
http://download.oracle.com/docs/cd/B28359_01/install.111/b32002/pre_install.htm#BABBBDGA

After editing the file, execute the following command to apply the changes.

  [root ~] sysctl -p

5)      Add the following lines to the /etc/security/limits.conf file:

 oracle              soft    nproc    2047
oracle              hard    nproc   16384
oracle              soft    nofile  1024
oracle              hard    nofile  65536

6)      Add the following line to the /etc/pam.d/login file:

 session   required   pam_limits.so

7)      Add the following lines to the /etc/profile file:

This section sets the soft limit for user ‘oracle’ upon login:

 if [ $USER = "oracle" ]; then
if [ $SHELL="/bin/ksh" ] ; then
ulimit -p 16384
ulimit -n 65536
else
ulimit -p 16384 -n 65536
fi
fi

8)      Creating directories for the Oracle installation:

We need to create the directory for Oracle installation. This directory should be owned by user ‘oracle’

  [root ~]mkdir -p /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1
[root ~]chown -R oracle:oinstall /u01
[root ~]chmod -R 775 /u01

9)      Disable access control:

Access control does not allow opening X-Windows from any server. We will use xhost command to disable this access control.

  [root ~] xhost +

10)   Edit the /etc/profile file:

We will now connect as user ‘oracle’ and configure the environment in the bash_profile file.

 [root ~]su – oracle
[oracle ~]vi .bash_profile

We will set the ORACLE_BASE for oracle base directory and ORACLE_SID environment variables. Add the following lines to bash_profile file:

 export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=<SERVER_NAME>
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;
export ORACLE_HOME=$ORACLE_BASE/product/11.1.0/db_1;
export ORACLE_SID=orcl; 

Apply the changes so that the new variables will be set:

 [oracle ~] . .bash_profile

The pre-requirement part is completed. All we have to do now is to start the installation.

11)   Navigate to the installation directory and start the installation:

  [oracle ~] cd /install/database
[oracle ~] ./runInstaller

We will skip the installation part as it is quite straightforward, and go to the end of the installation part.

12)   Execute configuration scripts as root user:

At the end of the installation, you’ll see the “execute configuration scripts” wizard window. We should run these scripts as root. Open a Terminal as root and execute the below scripts”

  [root ~] /u01/app/oracle/oraInventory/orainstRoot.sh
[root ~] /u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1/root.sh

The installation is now complete.

13)   Updating the .bash_profile file with more environment variables:

The last thing we need to do is updating the .bash_profile file:

 [oracle ~] vi .bash_profile

We will set the ORACLE_HOME for oracle home directory and the path environment variables. Add the following lines to bash_profile file:

export ORACLE_HOSTNAME=<SERVER_NAME>
export ORACLE_BASE=/u01/app/oracle;

export ORACLE_HOME=/u01/app/oracle/product/11.1.0/db_1;

export ORACLE_SID=orcl;

export PATH=/usr/sbin:$PATH;
export PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin:$ORACLE_HOME/bin

Apply the changes so that the new variables will be set:

 [oracle ~]. .bash_profile

14)   Verify that everything is configured correctly.

 [oracle ~] sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 11.1.0.1.0 Production on Mon Oct 25 12:26:26 2010

Copyright (c) 1982, 2010, Oracle.  All rights reserved.

Connected to:

Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.1.0.1.0 - 64bit Production

With the Partitioning, OLAP, Data Mining and Real Application Testing options
SQL>exit